A Shop in The Dark
“How charming it would be if it were possible to cause these natural images to imprint themselves durably and remain fixed on the paper!” William Talbot 1839
It is quite likely that today very few people think about film or film developing and even fewer know how that outdated process actually works. Film is basically a type of plastic with silver halides embedded in it, which change structure when exposed to light.
In order for those exposed silver halides stuck in the plastic to do anything they have to go through a chemical process called film developing. It is a time consuming process and in many cases, as with sheet film, is carried out in the dark which is not too enlightening.
Most common film developers are a single liquid chemical mixture. The amount of time and temperature of the chemical bath are very important. Some photo shops would sell you chemicals that would help manipulate these processes for different or special results.
Agitation or the moving of the film is essential in that the developed silver halides on the film have to be stripped off in order for the end product to be consistent and streak free. Basically the more light that hits the film, the more the silver gets developed and washed away. This is what makes those ghosts looking images that you may have seen in film. (We may talk about doing this in Photoshop) After this is done the film is put into a very nasty liquid called the fixer, almost like bleach. After that a great deal of rinsing in clean water finishes the job.
Once that process is done the film is then put in a projector, which is little more than a camera in reverse. That is, the light now comes in through the back and goes through the film and out through the lens. The image made by the film is exposed on a piece of paper that has been embedded with silver halides.
The paper developing process is quite similar to that of film. The photo paper is put in a pan of water and agitated until the image is finished and then it is fixed, rinsed and dried. This print process goes on in a room that has subdued red lighting and it can get quite lonesome due to the long hours spent in the “print developing” procedure.






